Fake News in the Time of COVID-19 in Indonesia: Criminal Law Issues
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19184/jkph.v2i2.31184Keywords:
COVID-19 Pandemic, Criminal Law, Fake News, InternetAbstract
The rise of the world wide web has its janus face. While it is no longer possible to live without it, the internet also causes social issues. One will be examined here is how law can cope with the acceleration amount of fake news. The spread of fake news via the Internet in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic has increasingly resulted in criminalization. One enforcement policy is based on Article 28(1) of Electronic Information and Technology Law 11/2008. The article focused on measuring fake news in light of economic loss, which to some degree, also affected fair business competition. This study was conducted based on two primary considerations. First, the nature of criminal law should be used as the last resort (ultimum remedium) in tackling social issues. Second, and still related to the previous, the damage control of the spread of fake news. In that regard, a doctrinal legal approach was deployed to analyze the formulation and implementation of Article 28(1) of the 11/2008 Law in tackling the fake news phenomenon. This study found that there are ambiguities in interpretation, which affect the law's implementation. To cope with such a problem, the government consists of the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology, Chief of Public Prosecutor, and Chief of State Police enact Joint Decree to provide the guidelines on the application of Article 28(1); the policy should be considered as temporary instead of a permanent solution. This study suggested that in the long run, there is a need to amend Article 28(1).
Downloads
References
Asimah, Dewi, “To Overcome the Constraints of Proof in The Application of Electronic Evidence” (2021) 3:2 Jurnal Hukum Peratun 97–110.
Aloysius, Wisnubroto, Kebijakan Hukum Pidana Dalam Penanggulangan Penyalagunaan Komputer (Yogyakarta: Universitas Atmajaya, 1999).
Chazawi, Adami, Pelajaran Hukum Pidana, Bagian 1 (Jakarta: Rajawali Pers, 2008).
Chazawi, Adami & Ardi Ferdian, Tindak pidana informasi & transaksi elektronik : penyerangan terhadap kepentingan hukum pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dan transaksi dan transaksi elektronik (Malang: Bayumedia, 2011).
DKIS Kota Cirebon, “Mengenal Lebih Jauh Tentang Hoaks”, (2018), online: Dinas Komun Inform Dan Stat Kota Cirebon <https://dkis.cirebonkota.go.id/2018/04/mengenal-lebih-jauhtentang-hoax/>.
Ekawati, Hana Novita & Johan, “Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Konsumen Dalam Pelaksanaan Kontrak Elektronik Ditinjau Dari Peraturan Perundang-Undangan” (2021) 3:1 JURIDICA : Jurnal Fakultas Hukum Universitas Gunung Rinjani 53–77.
Fârte, Gheorghe Ilie & Daniel Rare! Obada, “The Effects of Fake News on Consumers’ Brand Trust” (2021) 23:3 Romanian Journal of Communication and Public Relations 47–61.
Fajar, ND Mukti & Yulianto Achmad, Dualisme Penelitian Hukum Empiris & Normatif (Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2010).
Gerokgak, “Berita Hoax 14 Februari 2022 | Kecamatan Gerokgak”, (2022), online: <https://gerokgak.bulelengkab.go.id/informasi/detail/berita/84_berita-hoax-14-februari-2022>.
Iritanto, Koko Joseph & Dian Andriawan Daeng Tawang, “Analisis faktor kesalahan sebagai unsur dolus dalam tindak pidana merampas nyawa milik orang lain dalam perkara no 328/PID/2017/PT.DKI” (2018) 1:2 Jurnal Hukum Adigama 1–25.
Juditha, Christiany, “Interaksi Komunikasi Hoax di Media Sosial serta Antisipasinya” (2018) 3:1 Jurnal Pekommas 31–44.
Kenedi, John, Kebijakan Hukum Pidana (Penal Policy) dalam Sistem Penegakan Hukum di Indonesia (Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2017).
Kemp, Simon, “Digital 2021: the latest insights into the ‘state of digital’”, (2021), online: We Are Soc UK <https://wearesocial.com/uk/blog/2021/01/digital-2021-the-latest-insights-into-the-state-of-digital/>.
Lubis, Alwin Rais, Bahmid Bahmid & Suriani Suriani, “Pengaturan Hukum Penyebaran Berita Bohong (Hoax) Melalui Media Online” (2019) 1:1 Jurnal Tectum 16–30.
Lubis, M Faisal Rahendra, “Perbuatan Melawan Hukum Menguasai Tanah Hak Milik Orang Lain (Studi Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 3302 K/Pdt/2018)” (2021) 20:2 Jurnal Hukum Kaidah: Media Komunikasi dan Informasi Hukum dan Masyarakat 159–178.
Lutfiyah, Khoirum, “Hoax and Fake News During Covid-19: Is the Law Effective in Overcoming It?” (2020) 2:3 The Indonesian Journal of International Clinical Legal Education 345–360.
Mansur, Arief, Didik M & Elisataris Ghultom, Cyber Law-Aspek Hukum Teknologi Informasi (Bandung: Refika Aditama, 2005).
Marzuki, Peter Mahmud, Penelitian Hukum (Jakarta: Kencana Media Group, 2016).
Mauludi, Sahrul, Seri Cerdas Hukum: Awas Hoaks (Jakarta: Elex Media Kompitindo, 2019).
Muladi, Kapita Selekta Hukum Sistem Peradilan Pidana (Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro, 2002).
Nasir, Gamal Abdul, “Kekosongan Hukum dan Percepatan Perkembangan Masyarakat” (2017) 5:2 Jurnal Hukum Replik 172–183.
Nurhanisah, Yuli & Germawan Dwi Putra, “Jerat Hukum untuk Penyebar Hoax | Indonesia Baik”, (2020), online: <https://indonesiabaik.id/infografis/jerat-hukum-untuk-penyebar-hoax>.
Olan, Femi et al, “Fake news on Social Media: the Impact on Society” (2022) Information Systems Frontiers 1–16.
Pinatih, I Gusti Agung Kresna & I Wayan Suardana, “Kajian Yuridis Penyebaran Berita Bohong (Hoaks) Di Media Online Ditinjau Dari Aspek Hukum Pidana Indonesia” (2019) 8:3 Kertha Wicara : Journal Ilmu Hukum 1–16.
Prameswari, Pande Made Adhistya & Ni Luh Gede Astariyani, “Pengaturan Hoax (Berita Bohong) Dalam Perspektif Perbandingan Hukum di Indonesia” (2021) 9:9 Kertha Semaya : Journal Ilmu Hukum 1688–1702.
Rahmadhany, Anissa, Anggi Aldila Safitri & Irwansyah Irwansyah, “Fenomena Penyebaran Hoax dan Hate Speech pada Media Sosial” (2021) 3:1 Jurnal Teknologi Dan Sistem Informasi Bisnis - JTEKSIS 30–43.
Riani, Maulida, Penegakan Hukum Pidana Terhadap Penyebaran Berita Bohong di Sosial Media (Analisis Terhadap UU No. 19 Tahun 2016) Universitas Sumatera Utara, 2018).
Sudarto, Hukum dan Hukum Pidana (Bandung: Alumni, 1981).
———, Hukum Pidana dan Perkembangan Masyarakat (Bandung: Sinar Baru, 1983).
Suhariyanto, Budi, Tindak Pidana Teknologi Informasi (Cybercrime) Urgensi Pengaturan dan Celah Hukumnya (Jakarta: Rajawali Press, 2013).
Sanjaya, Aditya Wiguna et al, “Sociological implication of pro parte dolus pro parte culpa form of fault in the formulation of passive money laundering” (2020) 9:11 Research, Society and Development 1–15.
Sari, Indah, “Perbuatan Melawan Hukum (PMH) Dalam Hukum Pidana dan Hukum Perdata” (2021) 11:1 Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum Dirgantara 53–70.
Saptoyo, Rosy Dewi Arianti, “Data Sebaran Hoaks Sepanjang 2021, Terbanyak soal Pandemi Covid-19”, (2022), online: Kompas.com <https://www.kompas.com/tren/read/2022/01/03/163216365/datasebaran-hoaks-sepanjang-2021-terbanyak-soal-pandemi-covid-19?page=all>.
Siddiq, Nur Aisyah, “Penegakan Hukum Pidana Dalam Penanggulangan Berita Palsu (Hoaks) Menurut Undang-Undang No.11 Tahun 2008 Yang Telah Dirubah Menjadi Undang-Undang No.19 Tahun 2016 Tentang Informasi Dan Transaksi Elektronik” (2017) 5:10 Lex Et Societas 26–32.
Utoyo, Marsudi et al, “SENGAJA dan TIDAK SENGAJA dalam Hukum Pidana Indonesia”(2020) 7:1 Lex Librum : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 75–85.
WANTIKNAS, “5 Langkah Cerdas Lawan Hoax”, (2020), online:<http://www.wantiknas.go.id/id/berita/5-langkah-cerdas-lawanhoax>.
Widodo, Guntarto, Purgito Purgito & Reni Suryani, “Aspek Hukum Delik Penyebaran Berita Bohong (Hoaks) Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 Tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 Tentang Informasi Dan Transaksi Elektronik, Jurnal of law” (2020) 3:1 Pamulang Law Review 57–66.
Wijaya, I Putu Agus Dharma & I Wayan Novy Purwanto, “Perlindungan Hukum Dan Tanggung Jawab Para Pihak Dalam Transaksi Bisnis Elektronik Di Indonesia” (2019) 7:10 Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum 1–16.
Wiputra, Andi Faiz Alfi, “Penyelesaian Perkara Penyebaran Berita Bohong (Hoax) Yang Merugikan Konsumen Di Media Sosial Melalui Media Penal” (2020) 5:1 Badamai Law Journal 70–86.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Windisen Windisen
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
